Ka hare ho mohala ke terata ea mantlha ea koporo;bokahare ba thapo ea optical ke fiber ea khalase.Hangata mohala ke mohala o kang oa thapo o entsoeng ka ho sotha lihlopha tse 'maloa kapa tse' maloa tsa lithapo (sehlopha ka seng sa bonyane tse peli).Mohala oa optical ke mohala oa puisano o entsoeng ka palo e itseng ea likhoele tsa optical ka tsela e itseng 'me o koahetsoe ke sheath,' me tse ling li boetse li koahetsoe ke sheath e ka ntle ho lemoha phetiso ea optical signal.
Ha mohala o fetola lets'oao la acoustic hore e be lets'oao la motlakase ebe o le fetisetsa ho switjha ka mohala, sesebelisoa se fetisetsa lets'oao la motlakase ka kotloloho fonong e 'ngoe ka mohala hore o arabe.Mohala oa phetiso nakong ea puisano ena ke thapo.
Ha mohala o fetola lets'oao la acoustic hore e be lets'oao la motlakase ebe o le fetisetsa ho switjha ka mohala, sesebelisoa se fetisetsa lets'oao la motlakase ho sesebelisoa sa phetolo sa photoelectric (ho fetolela lets'oao la motlakase hore e be lets'oao la optical) ebe le le fetisetsa ho sesebelisoa se seng sa phetoho ea motlakase. ka mohala (o fetola lets'oao la optical).Letšoao le fetoloa lets'oao la motlakase), ebe ho sesebelisoa sa ho chencha, ho ea fonong e 'ngoe ho araba.Moeli o pakeng tsa lisebelisoa tse peli tsa ho fetola photoelectric ke thapo ea optical.
Cable haholo-holo ke koporo core terata.Li-diameter tsa terata tsa mantlha li arotsoe ka 0.32mm, 0.4mm le 0.5mm.Ha bophara ba bophara bo le boholo, bokhoni ba puisano bo matlafala;'me ho ea ka palo ea lithapo tsa mantlha, ho na le: lipara tse 5, lipara tse 10, lipara tse 20, lipara tse 50, lipara tse 100, 200 E, ema.Lithapo tsa optical li arotsoe feela ka palo ea lithapo tsa mantlha, palo ea lithapo tsa mantlha: lipara tse 4, 6, 8, 12 joalo-joalo.
Cable: E kholo ka boholo, boima, 'me ha e khone ho buisana hantle, kahoo e ka sebelisoa feela bakeng sa puisano ea nako e khutšoanyane.Cable ea Optical: E na le melemo ea boholo bo bonyenyane, boima ba 'mele, litšenyehelo tse tlase, bokhoni bo boholo ba puisano, le bokhoni bo matla ba puisano.Ka lebaka la lintlha tse ngata, hajoale e sebelisoa feela bakeng sa phetisetso ea likhokahanyo tsa sebaka se selelele le sa ntlha-to-point (ke hore, likamore tse peli tsa switjha).
Haele hantle, phapang lipakeng tsa likhoele le likhoele tsa optical e bonahala haholo ka likarolo tse tharo.
Ea pele: Ho na le phapang ea lintho tse bonahalang.Lithapo li sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa tšepe (haholo-holo koporo, aluminium) e le li-conductor;Lithapo tsa optical li sebelisa likhoele tsa khalase joalo ka li-conductor.
Ea bobeli: Ho na le phapang pakeng tsa lets'oao la phetiso.Cable e fetisa matšoao a motlakase.Lithapo tsa optical li fetisa matšoao a optical.
Ea boraro: Ho na le liphapang ka bophara ba tšebeliso.Hona joale lithapo li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa phetiso ea matla le phetiso ea tlhahisoleseling ea boemo bo tlase (joalo ka mohala).Lithapo tsa Optical li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa phetiso ea data.
Lits'ebetsong tse sebetsang, ho ka tsejoa hore likhoele tsa optical li na le matla a mangata a ho fetisa ho feta likhoele tsa koporo.Karolo ea relay e na le sebaka se selelele, boholo bo nyane, boima bo bobebe, 'me ha ho na tšitiso ea motlakase.Hona joale e se e ntlafalitse melapo e telele ea likutu, li-relay tsa intra-city, offshore le trans- Mokotla oa likhokahano tsa likepe tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi, hammoho le likhoele tsa phetisetso ea likhoele bakeng sa marang-rang a sebaka sa lehae, marang-rang a poraefete, joalo-joalo. ea marang-rang a kabo ea loop ea basebelisi teropong, e fanang ka likhoele tsa phetisetso bakeng sa marang-rang a fiber-to-the-hae le marang-rang a kopaneng a litšebeletso tsa dijithale.