Mkati mwa chingwe ndi waya wamkuwa;mkati mwa chingwe cha kuwala ndi galasi fiber.Chingwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala ngati chingwe chomwe chimapangidwa popotoza mawaya angapo kapena angapo (gulu lililonse la osachepera awiri).Chingwe chowunikira ndi chingwe cholumikizirana chomwe chimapangidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ulusi wowoneka bwino mwanjira inayake ndipo chimakutidwa ndi sheath, ndipo ena amaphimbidwanso ndi sheath yakunja kuti azindikire kufalikira kwa chizindikiro.
Pamene foni itembenuza chizindikiro cha acoustic kukhala chizindikiro chamagetsi ndikuchitumiza ku chosinthira kudzera pa mzere, chosinthiracho chimatumiza chizindikiro chamagetsi mwachindunji ku foni ina kudzera pamzere woyankha.Mzere wotumizira pa zokambiranazi ndi chingwe.
Pamene foni itembenuza chizindikiro cha acoustic kukhala chizindikiro chamagetsi ndikuchitumiza ku chosinthira kudzera pa chingwe, chosinthiracho chimatumiza chizindikiro chamagetsi ku chipangizo chosinthira cha photoelectric (chimatembenuza chizindikiro chamagetsi kukhala chizindikiro cha kuwala) ndikuchitumiza ku chipangizo china chosinthira zithunzi. kudzera pamzere (amasintha chizindikiro cha kuwala).Chizindikirocho chimasinthidwa kukhala chizindikiro chamagetsi), ndiyeno ku zipangizo zosinthira, kupita ku foni ina kuti ayankhe.Mzere pakati pa zipangizo ziwiri zosinthira photoelectric ndi chingwe chowunikira.
Chingwecho makamaka ndi waya wapakatikati wa mkuwa.The pachimake waya diameters anawagawa 0.32mm, 0.4mm ndi 0.5mm.Kukula kwa m'mimba mwake, kumalumikizana mwamphamvu;ndipo malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mawaya apakati, pali: 5 awiriawiri, 10 awiriawiri, 20 awiriawiri, 50 awiriawiri, 100 mawaya, 200 Yeah, dikirani.Zingwe za kuwala zimangogawidwa ndi chiwerengero cha mawaya apakati, chiwerengero cha mawaya apakati: 4, 6, 8, 12 pairs ndi zina zotero.
Chingwe: Ndi chachikulu kukula kwake, kulemera kwake, komanso kusalankhulana bwino, kotero chimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakulankhulana kwakanthawi kochepa.Chingwe cha Optical: Ili ndi maubwino ang'onoang'ono, kulemera, mtengo wotsika, kulumikizana kwakukulu, komanso kulumikizana mwamphamvu.Chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri, pakali pano amangogwiritsidwa ntchito mtunda wautali komanso malo-to-point (ie, zipinda ziwiri zosinthira) kutumiza mauthenga.
Kwenikweni, kusiyana pakati pa zingwe ndi zingwe zowonekera kumawonekera makamaka m'magawo atatu.
Choyamba: Pali kusiyana kwa zinthu.Zingwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zachitsulo (makamaka mkuwa, aluminiyamu) monga kondakitala;zingwe za kuwala zimagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wagalasi ngati kondakitala.
Chachiwiri: Pali kusiyana kwa chizindikiro chotumizira.Chingwechi chimatumiza zizindikiro zamagetsi.Zingwe za kuwala zimatumiza zizindikiro za kuwala.
Chachitatu: Pali kusiyana pakati pa ntchito.Zingwe tsopano zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potumiza mphamvu komanso kutumiza zidziwitso zotsika (monga telefoni).Zingwe za kuwala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potumiza deta.
Muzochita zogwiritsidwa ntchito, zikhoza kudziwika kuti zingwe za kuwala zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zotumizira kuposa zingwe zamkuwa.Gawo la relay liri ndi mtunda wautali, kukula kochepa, kulemera kwake, ndipo palibe kusokoneza kwa electromagnetic.Tsopano yapanga mizere yotalikirapo, ma intra-city relay, offshore and trans- The backback of ocean submarine communications, komanso mizere yotumizira mawaya pama network amderali, ma network achinsinsi, ndi zina zambiri, yayamba kukulirakulira. ya maukonde ogawa zozungulira mumzinda, kupereka mizere yotumizira ma fiber-to-the-home ndi ma network ophatikizika a digito.